Saturday, December 28, 2019

The Definition Of Personal Finance - 1656 Words

The definition of personal finance is often defined as being the application of financial principles within an individual or family unit. Such application includes: budgeting, saving, spending, and assessing risks. Evidently, such financial management is of great importance. Therefore, in this paper, I will provide an overview of an individual’s personal finances by referencing their investment style and briefly stating their financial objective. In addition, I will provide some recommendations said individual should consider with the purpose of aligning their investment choices with their overall financial goal. Let’s us start off by discussing some facts that were provided by the individual who we will hereby address as Joe. Joe is in†¦show more content†¦Now, let us calculate what his investment style will amount to if he were to continue making the same investment choices until retirement. To start off, we can see that Joe is not a risky investor; he has on ly invested into individual accounts, certificate of deposits, and his 401k. In addition, he saves an average of 10% of each paycheck (which we will assume to be $5,000 annually based on a $50,000 median household income). As noted earlier, his primary objective is to retire on annual income of $50,000. We can assume then that his goal is to save approximately $1,250,000 . Therefore, if Joe continues to invest $5,000 annually ($416.67 monthly) into his saving account for the next 25 years, his investment, assuming a current balance of $5,000 compounded daily at 0.01% (as currently being offered by WellsFargo), will amount to about $130,170 . Now, Joe has also invested in certificate of deposits (CDs). He reported as simply been reinvesting his original $5,000 for the past six years. Assuming a stated 0.30% interest rate on a two year CD with daily compounding, his $5,000 investment is now worth about $5,091 . However, he seeks to reinvest this until retirement. Performing similar calculations, we obtain a grand total of $5,488 . This is what his CD invest would amount to if he were to reinvest the current $5,091 at a 0.30% interest rate with daily compounding for the next 25 years. Now, let us proceed to examining his 401k contributions. Joe

Friday, December 20, 2019

Essay on Womens Roles in Greek Society - 1201 Words

The Iliad uncovers the truth behind what Greeks believed to be the role of women in society. The Greek goddesses and the mortal women represent two sides that women had in society. The Greek goddesses held power over the war, whereas, the mortal women are there as prizes or timà ©. Aphrodite is the prime example of a goddess who held a lot of power, mainly by using manipulation, in the Trojan War. Helen represents the quintessential idea of a woman representing timà ©. These two portrayals of women in Greek society depict how people recognized women’s role in society, with Aphrodite representing a woman with power as a manipulative goddess and Helen representing a woman who was merely timà ©, a prize to be obtained. Aphrodite expressed her†¦show more content†¦Aphrodite is a symbol of that view of women in Greek society; however, Aphrodite not only uses her power of manipulation against men, but also against women. Aphrodite manipulates Helen in order to serve her needs. Helen is used as â€Å"an unwilling tool of Aphrodite’s ambition† (Allan 149). Helen is controlled from the beginning by Aphrodite, who causes Helen to fall in love with Paris. F.J. Groten discussed that Helen went with Paris because she was â€Å"under the spell of Aphrodite; Helen was deprived of her judgement and surrendered herself to the charms of Paris† (36). In Book III, when Paris comes back from a duel with Menelaus, Aphrodite goes to Helen to tell her to go to bed with Paris. When Helen refuses, Aphrodite threatens her exclaiming, â€Å"Cease to provoke me, lest I make thee more, the worlds aversion, than their love before; now the bright prize for which mankind engage, than, the sad victim, of the public rage (The Iliad 105). Helen has no choice but to comply with Aphrodite’s commands because Aphrodite is telling Helen to obey or she will make all people hate her. Aphrodite needs Helen to sleep with Paris because Aphrodite must keep Par is happy to maintain her end of the deal, which was to give him Helen in love. She is also taunting Hera and Athena with her power and ability to control the situation. Aphrodite brings out the manipulative trait that men see in women during this time period. They are aware of a woman’sShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution of Gender Roles and its Role in Society1505 Words   |  7 Pagesgender roles in society, stereotypes generally come to mind. Throughout history these stereotypes have only proven to be true. Major historical events have had a huge impact on the way men and women are seen and treated. In this way, women have always been secondary to males and seen as the fragile counterparts whose job is to take care of the household and most importantly, be loyal to her husband no matter the circumstance. Gender roles throughout history have greatly influenced society. The slowRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women1545 Words   |  7 Pagesbigger role in society compared to that of Greek women in ancient Greece. Women were cogs in a patriarchal dominated society woman were very much under their husbands control according to law and the most important role of women was to raise the children and work at the house with the slaves if they could be afforded. Women could not vote in Greek society, they could not own property, and women could not have much communication with males outside their immediate families. In Roman society howeverRead MoreRole Of Women In Ancient Greece712 Words   |  3 PagesThe role of woman in ancient Greece: Greek Woman was considered to be submissive which means once you are married to a woman, then she is in your full control. The woman in ancient was not allowed to own the property, in one way we can also relate that the woman had fewer rights than the man because they could hardly express their feeling. The woman was not considered as the citizens. But in the Spartan society, the woman had a dignified position just because they were the mother of the famousRead MoreGoddess, Whores, Wives and Slaves: Classical Women of Antiquity, written by Sarah B. Pomery1327 Words   |  5 Pagesthe main categories of women in the literature and society of ancient Greece and Roman over a time period of fifteen hundred years. Pomery focuses on these roles and how they are significant in the development and structure of these great ancient civilizations. Her goal in writing this book was to expand upon her first book, entitled Goddesses as she discusses in the Preface of this book. She wanted to include the significance of all women’s roles beyond just that of Olympian women because the firstRead MoreMacedonian Culture And Greek Culture1442 Words   |  6 Pagessignificantly similar to the Greek culture. Certainly, both of those cultures are not identical; they do have differences, yet by looking at the women’s independent role a nd freedom among the society and the military success of those cultures, it is clear that both of them resemble. For instance, Alexander the Great thought that he was a descendant of a Greek God and always wanted to show how Greek he was. This might be the reason why the Macedonian culture is very similar to the Greek culture. In bothRead MoreThis Source Discusses Some Of The Traditional Gender Differences1151 Words   |  5 Pagesand Japan women’s work remained largely domestic, such as weaving, and men plowed the fields. The traditional Japanese religion of Shintoism lead to the high status of women in early Japanese culture. The Japanese sun goddess (to whom all emperors claimed ancestry) was greatly revered for her mystical powers, and many female sovereigns where also thought to have great powers. However, with the arrival of Buddhism and Confucianism, the influence of Shintoism was weakened and women’s roles became moreRead MoreStructure in A Womans Beauty by Susan Sontag641 Words   |  3 Pagesargument. First is in history what the Greeks believe in a woman’s beauty. Second, Sontag discuss about how the Christian religion plays a major role in shaping how a woman is judge only base on her beauty. In the end, Sontag talks about in today’s society how woman are still judge by her beauty. However, in the end Sontag mentions how the society should stop judging a woman only base on her beauty. In the beginning, Sontag structures the history on what the Greeks believe about a woman’s beauty.Read More The Roles of Greek and Roman Women Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesGreek and Roman women lived in a world where strict gender roles were given; where each person was judged in terms of compliance with gender-specific standards of conduct. Generally, men were placed above women in terms of independence, control and overall freedom. Whereas men lived in the world at large, active in public life and free to come and go as they willed, womens lives were sheltered. Most women were assigned the role of a homemaker, where they were anticipated to be good wives andRead MoreAthenian Women : The Ancient City State Of Athens Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesthroughout history, was dominated by men. Although the role of women in Athens is highly controversial, the examination of Athenian laws, philosophical and moral writings, and information about the conditions of daily li fe and the organization of society, reveals women were excluded from many aspects of public and private life. While men held a monopoly on every aspect of daily life, women remained secluded in the sphere of domestication. The primary role of free women in Athens was to marry and bear childrenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Odyssey 1689 Words   |  7 Pagesthe women, shows Ancient Greece’s view of women as subordinate and of lesser importance, due to their unpredictability and seduction. This theme of submission to men gives insight on how Ancient Greek Society treated women. In this essay I will argue that the theme of commitment plays an influential role in decision-making processes, both rational and irrational, leading to the premise of women being only sexual objects in Ancient Greece, rather than companions for life. Ultimately, I will show how

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Analysis of Hamlet by William Shakespeare free essay sample

The idea of Hamlet being crazy in this story is very obvious to the audience. Hamlet portrays the idea of being crazy by acting as if he was mad. He contemplates suicide, and visits Ophelia with a disturbing appearance while taking advice from a ghost that claims to be the spirit of his father. Many people have been confused about the cause of Hamlet’s insanity, and strive to find answers to solve this problem. All of these acts done by Hamlet lead up to the question, â€Å"Is Hamlet really crazy or not?† In the tragedy Hamlet, the character Hamlet has been accused of being mad even though it could have different meanings in this story. One meaning of mad could be that he is crazy for Ophelia because he loves her so much. He would do anything for Ophelia, but maybe he just shows it in a way that he thinks would be suitable and others would think not. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Hamlet by William Shakespeare or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Mad for thy love?† â€Å"My lord, I do not know,† â€Å"But truly I do fear it.† (2.1 95-97)) In this scene, Ophelia is telling Polonius about her disturbing visit by Hamlet. Polonius thinks that Hamlet is crazy about Ophelia and loves her so much that he would do anything for her. Ophelia on the other hand, feels as if this is a bit weird and that he should stop as soon as possible. She told him that first he came in with his clothes not addressed to the living standards, then grabbed her arm and started shaking it, then thrusted his head back in sigh and let go of her arm and left without saying a word. Polonius asks if any of her letters or sayings to him could have caused this insanity, but Ophelia replies to Polonius with, â€Å"but I did as you command. I did repel his letters and denied his access to me.† (2.2 120-123)) This means that Ophelia could have made Hamlet crazy because she had been ignoring him for a while, and since Hamlet cannot live without her love, took it out on her in a disturbing way that made her feel uncomfortable. Hamlet shows the audience that even though he might be mistaken for acting mad, he still has reasons for why he acts like this. In Act 1 Scene 5, Hamlet has his first encounter with the ghost. The ghost tells him that he is the spirit of his father, and that he needs to get avenge on his murder at the hands of King Claudius. â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder. Murder most foul, as in the best it is, but this most foul, strange, and unnatural.†(1.5 31-34) Hamlet agrees to fulfill the ghost’s request, but now that he has taken on this task, the audience is going to think that he is even mad. This might not be the best decision on Hamlet’s part to keep his reputation alive, but he also has to avenge his father’s murder because King Claudius has taken the role of father in his life and killed his father while still getting away with it all. So even though that Hamlet has made a bad decision in this case, he is still doing some good. Being mad is something that certain people cannot get rid of, and is used to their greatest advantages. In Hamlet’s situation, he ends up killing a major person who was part of Claudius’ scheme to kill him. Polonius was hiding behind a tapestry in Gertrude’s room, spying on Hamlet and Gertrude. As Hamlet enters the room, Gertrude was frightened that she yelled for help. Polonius echoed her cry for help and Hamlet, thinking that Polonius was Claudius, stabs him to death. â€Å"A bloody deed-almost as bad, good mother, as kill a king and marry with his brother.†(3.4 34-35) As shown in this quote, Hamlet is telling his mother that what he has just done is almost as bad as Claudius killing his brother and marrying his wife. He still doesn’t know though that the person he killed is Polonius and not Claudius. â€Å"Thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell. I took thee for thy better. Take thy fortune.†(3.4 38-39) Hamlet is now telling the aud ience that he killed him for the better of everyone, and that he should be grateful that he is dead. The idea of Hamlet being crazy in this story is very obvious to the audience. Hamlet portrays to the audience that even though he may act crazy, he is not, and he will do whatever it takes to convince them that he is innocent of the madness he has been encountered with.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Illustrates The Human Resource Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How To Illustrates The Human Resource Management? Answer: Introduction: Workplace management comprises of managing assets, facilities, technologies andhuman resource management of an organization. The objective of workplace management is to provide a supportive environment to the employees in an organization. The following report is going to illustrate a constructive idea based on the provided case study that pertains to the workplace development of Imagination, a marketing and designing firm. The report encompasses the analysis of the human resource management strategies undertaken by the newly hired HR manager of the company, Georgia. The report also identifies the workplace issues and the corrective measures strategized by the human resource manager (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Through the process of addressing different managerial issues, Georgia has focused on settling the problems that have been hindering overall development of the organization. The human resource manager in the organization has incorporated both the organizational interest and indiv idual employee interest so as to build a positive bridge between the two (Bratton Gold, 2012). In order to carry out the owners dream to lead a creative workforce within the organization, Neville and Jane, the owners have emphasized on building a plinth of the organization. Background of the Organization: More than 10 years old, the firm has been working with more than one hundred and fifty employees. With such important count of workforce and with special focus on the varieties in the types of such, the firm has been growing significantly. 60 % of the total workforce in the firm is female. 50% of the total workforce in the firm is below the age of 30 (Jackson, Schuler and Jiang 2014). The maximum age group working in the firm is 30-55 that comprise of a constructive workforce. Most of the working groups have families and the firm holds the obligation to take well care of their family members. As the firm works as a third party provider of website and marketing design to many of other organizations, it ought to comprise of the basic understanding of the issues pertaining to the effective chances for the entire case. The clients of the company include small sized, medium sized and big corporate businesses. The firm also includes the government run organizations. The workforce of the fi rm comprises of project manager, graphic designer, marketing associates, web developers and administrative staff. Having such vibrant working staff, the company had felt to provide them with effective in-house services within the firm. This is how; there has been a need for the recruitment of the human resource manager who could focus on overall development of workplace culture (Bratton and Gold 2012). Apart from the payroll structure, the company also pays attention to the professional engagement of the employees. Georgias Idea about Workplace Flexibility: In order to meet the business needs in a better way, the companies often initiate changes in the workplace. The changes might comprise of technology, organizational behavior, mode of operations and the workforce division. Flexibility refers to the acceptance of both the employee and the employers in terms of coping up with the changes in different fields. Flexibilities can be categorized in to two different segments: Formal Flexibility Informal Flexibility Formal flexibility refers to the policies that are officially approved through the human resource management system of a company. In this regard, the acceptance in the change management process needs to be addressed with perfection. Having gone through the case study, it can be stated that Georgia focused on the flexibility of the organizational structure. Since Georgia was recruited to bring some certain change in the organization, the concept has been changing the mode of organizational structure. Earlier the organization had maintained hierarchical structure. This has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective understanding of the process. This has been taken into certain consideration with the effective understanding of the process (Bratton and Gold 2012). Georgia had earlier studied the existing organizational structure. This has remained quite effective in terms of creating the motto for the entire understanding of the fact that this has to be provided wi th the fact that there is a clear understanding of the fact that this has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective understanding of the staffing efficiency of the firm. Georgia has identified that the firm practices a specific type of project that results in a lacuna among the employees during the gap. Georgia has offered a change in the mode of staffing that has prescribed that the firm ought to short list some certain number of staffs that would also ensure cost cutting facility in the process. Georgias idea to reduce the number of permanent staff in the company would definitely ensure cost reduction for the firm as the firm would not be liable to the maximum number of the permanent staff. This process has undoubtedly reduced the cost of the company pertaining to its human resource maintenance. Hiring process of the contingent employees does not engage much obligation of the company. All the contingent workers would be taken on the basis of their skills th us reducing the cost of human resource maintenance during the null period. The flexibility in the structural change from the organic to hierarchical (as a matter of fact in more scattered way) depended upon the change in the organizational structure. Managerial Issues addressed by Georgia: The change proposed by Georgia would provide ample opportunity to the firm to reduce cost of human resource maintenance. However, this would raise several other issues. Since the proposal was to keep fewer numbers of the permanent staff in the organization, it would undoubtedly focus on the process of hiring new staffs and sustaining the older ones who had been loyal to the companies. Moreover, the company has huge liability to the female workers as most of the employees have family that needs to be run through the wage or salary. This is how there is a sheer need of liabilities by both the company and the employees would be addressed with sheer difficulty. Since there is a need to short list the permanent employees, the firm would be looking forward to redundancy. This is how a major issue would undoubtedly emerge. Contingent workers such as the freelancers and independent professional would be addressed during the peak seasons where the firm would receive higher number of assignmen t (Jackson, et al., 2014). This will, indeed, provide adequate human resource to perform the tasks in the peak session. However, the null season would not incur much cost in the paying the permanent workers. Following issues might rise during this process; The employees might suffer from insecurity of losing their job thus resulting in deterioration of competency There is a sheer chance of employee turnover during the lean period Once the firm is affected by over- cost, it would start restricting the expense The firm cannot ensure much work or assignment that would result in the process of evident understanding that has been taken into certain understanding of the process. This is how this has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective understanding that has been taken into the process of effective criteria of the process. Social Issues Addressed by Georgias Proposed Initiative: Georgia has actually addressed the follow up of the employees well being in the organization. As a matter of fact, this has actually addressed the overall fundamental right to be working with the company. The zero hour policy proposed by the organization would threaten the job security of the employees by focusing on the reduction of tenure of the permanent ones. As a matter of fact, wanting a more stable job, the existing employees would initiate to change the job thus resulting in significant employee turnover. In this context Georgia has importantly approached to the social issue of the employees. Taking the labor and human rights policies in to account the human resource structure is going to focus on the basic problem that has been working as a greater challenge for the overall development of the workforce in association with the organization(Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The zero hour contracts has several issues for or against the organizations as well as the employees. In this re gard, it can be stated that in most of the cases there has been certain conceptualization for the entire understanding of the issues pertaining to the effective consideration of the process. An employee, under zero hour contracts, falls in to statutory employment rights. With the basic understanding of the entire case it has been taken into certain consideration that the statutory social condition of the employees would lead to under employment thus seriously causing unemployment in longer terms. As a matter of fact, this has to be taken into certain consideration pertaining to the important factors with the effective understanding of the process that would apply to the greater human resource practice. In zero hour contract an employee is deprived of the facilities that a permanent employee enjoys. As a matter of fact, this has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the basic h5uman resource ethics that would address to the maximum number of the employees. Since this ha s been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the important action with effective from the issues provided by most of the employers, they would be judged through basic social crisis(Marchington, et al., 2016). Georgias approach to the sense of autonomy of the employees creates an important job option for most of the working employees within an organization. As a matter of fact, this has been taken into certain consideration pertaining to the effective understanding of the fact that the employees are empowered with certain decision making authority in need. Since the organization is found to have approached to the weakening of the power of the employees during the lean period, the contingent employees would be driven towards utter despair when they are not in work. Moreover, they are not provided with the fundamental rights of employment. Since most of the employees in the organization are females, they need to be facilitated with maternity leave, maternity care and other facilities when at work. With the effective understanding of how the employees are directed by the human resource management policies, this has to be provided with a proper plan for the advanced facilitation of the employe es. Georgia, however, has addressed to the general social involvement of the employees by giving them work from home provision. Georgia eventually delves in to the level of satisfaction pertaining to the acceptance of the employees for the change in the organizational pay structure as well as human resource management structure. The company looks into effective understanding of the entire case that has been focused through the effective implementation of the process. In this case the social capital theory of human resource management practices have been taken into consideration. According to the social capital theory of human resource management, there is a clear need for the followings by an employee working in an organization: Information Influence Solidarity Power Social status Opportunities From the aforementioned elements of the social capital theory this has to be taken into certain consideration pertaining to the important section in the effective case. Balance between Organizational Interest and Employee Interest: Georgia has effectively balanced both the organizational as well as the employee interest and that has been effectively positive (Marchington, et al., 2016). Georgia has focused on the change management system in the organizational structure. The higher management body of the organization has proposed a change of such i.e. the change from organic structure to hierarchical structure. However, Georgia believed in the fact that organic structure would be apt for the company. This is how there is no need of changing the structure of the organization. Georgia believed in creativity, teamwork, flexibility and job security of the employees within an organization. In this context, it can be stated that Georgia was highly impactful in bringing the working staff in to flexible job mode thus making them accept the changes with ease. Georgias approach towards the change management approved creativity thus bringing together the forces within a single set of working method. Georgia did not only i mprove the working condition of the employees, but she also provided job security to them. As a matter of fact, she remained supportive to the objective of the company (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung 2016). The companys objective was to reduce the cost in the lean period when there was less flow of project assignments from the clients. This is how in most of the cases the company would remain benefited. Georgia strategically changed the mode of organizational structure however keeping the base same. She believed that the existing organic structure of the company was apt for it however it required certain modification. This is how it was highly important to focus on the strategy to benefit the company as well as to ensure how the well being of the employees is ensured (Sparrow, et al., 2016). This is how the basic structure of the company has remained unchanged with important modifications. According to Georgia, the work-life balance needs to be ensured by the mothers and other female workers who have important contribution to run the family. As a matter of fact, this has been taken in to certain consideration that this effective work-life balance strategy and work from home provision for those female workers who travel a lot for attending the workplace would provide fruitful result for the employees. On the other hand, her approach towards outsourcing would definitely provide important aid to the organizational development and profit. This is how the organization would be able to get rid of over- budget on human resource management. Georgia has also provided a payroll strategy to the organization that would undoubtedly lead towards certain profit. During the peak hours of the project assignments, the employees are offered extra pay structure whereas they are provided with leave during the lean period. Conclusion: It can thus be concluded that the human resource management policies undertaken by Georgia has been quite effective in determining the beneficial factors for the organization. Georgia with her understanding and intelligibility of the want of the workforce of the company has effectively strategized the policies thus reaching towards both the organizational and individual staff improvement plan. She has remained stringent towards her belief of the flexibility of every individual. She has provided the employees with ample opportunity to show their full potential in the workplace. With such strategic implementation of flexibility and change management plan in human resource Georgia has provided the organization with a solid plinth of workforce strength and success. Recommendation and Findings: From the report discussed above a firm conclusion has been drawn. It has clearly been understood that Georgia has focused on the tradition structure of the organization though she has modified its attributes. She has also created a structural balance between the organizational profit as well as employee profit thus leading towards utter success on workplace culture. However, certain changes can be welcomed in need. The zero hour policy that the company had earlier proposed can be retained, however for the newer employees. If the company wants to expand its operations, the additional projects can be handed over to the contingent staffs who would be working as freelancer under the permanent ones. Thus the company would ensure empowerment of the employees and the competency would also increase effectively. References Armstrong, M. Taylor, S., 2014. Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. s.l.:KoganAccounting Page Publishers. Bratton, J. Gold, J., 2012. Human resource management: theory and practice. s.l.:Palgrave Macmillan. Jackson, S., Schuler, R. Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management. s.l.:Academy of Management Annals. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. Kynighou, A., 2016. Human resource management at work. s.l.:Kogan Page Publishers. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. Chung, C., 2016. Globalizing human resource management. s.l.:Routledge.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Evolution Of Inequality In The US free essay sample

The Evolution Of Inequality In The U.S. Legal System Essay, Research Paper In the United States, true equality has neer existed. From the Declaration of Independence to modern times, the U.S. legal system has failed in any effort at equality. The political orientation of # 8220 ; all [ work forces ] are equal but some [ work forces ] are more equal than others # 8221 ; has been present throughout the history of the U.S. ( Orwell ) . Inequality has ever existed in the United States legal system and continues to be today ; nevertheless, the inequality soon in the system is non every bit blazing as what it one time was, but the system has come to depend on inequality.Since the really beginning of a legal system in the United States, there has been inequality. The Declaration of Independence declared that # 8220 ; ? all work forces are created equal, that they are endowed by their Godhead with certain inalienable Rights? # 8221 ; ( Jefferson ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution Of Inequality In The US or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The world of the Declaration of Independence was that all free, white, landowning work forces are created equal. Slavery continued in the U.S. for about ninety old ages after the Declaration, and black Americans still experience the sting of inequality. Womans were besides left out of # 8220 ; ? all work forces are created equal? . # 8221 ; The implied significance of the gap lines of the Declaration of Independence is what the U.S. legal system has strived for and failed to hold on fully.After the constitution of independency in the United States, the development of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights ensued. The Bill of Rights was to set up the basic rights of every citizen of the United States, but failed to make so. The rights of white, male citizens were the lone rights that were ensured by the Bill of Rights. The rights of inkinesss and the underprivileged were non even considered. The Fifth Amendment provinces, # 8220 ; No individual shall be held to reply for a capita l, or otherwise ill-famed offense, unless on a notification or indictment of a expansive jury? , nor be deprived of life, autonomy, or belongings, without due procedure of jurisprudence ; nor shall private belongings be taken for public usage, without merely compensation # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; Constitution # 8221 ; , Amendment V ) . These rights were frequently denied to those that were 2nd category citizens or those people that were non even considered to be people, such as slaves. The rights ensured by the first 10 amendments have been denied to some portion of the population at any given clip in American history. The denying of the basic rights established by the Bill of Rights is non limited to the any one amendment. Even today there are instances that cite the First Amendment, the Fourth Amendment, and the Fifth Amendment, as a footing for defence. The First Amendment right to freedom of address is likely the most challenged in today? s society. With the # 8220 ; Information A ge # 8221 ; upon us, the right to liberate address has been seeking out its bounds and future potency. Because of the extent of free address and peoples usage of it to talk out against the authorities, there is inequality presently in the system. Peoples who use their voices against the system are frequently caused a great trade of legal problems while those that use their voices to back up the system are free to make so at will. To return to America? s early history of inequality, one must look at the black codifications. The black codifications are defined as # 8220 ; Torahs [ that ] were designed to replace the societal controls of that had been removed by the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution [ ( 1865 ) ] , and were therefore intended to guarantee continuation of white domination # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; black codifications # 8221 ; ) . The Grandfather Clause and Jim Crow Laws were all portion of the black codifications of the South. # 8 220 ; [ The Grandfather Clause ] ? provided that those who had enjoyed the right to vote prior to 1866 or 1867, or their direct posterities, would be exempt from educational, belongings, or revenue enhancement demands for voting? [ T ] hese clauses worked efficaciously to except inkinesss from the ballot but assured the franchise to many destitute and illiterate Whites # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; Grandfather Clause # 8221 ; ) . Jim Crow Laws were # 8220 ; any of the Torahs that enforced racial segregation in the U.S. South between the terminal ( 1877 ) of the formal Reconstruction period and the beginning of a strong civil-rights motion ( 1950s ) # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; Jim Crow Laws # 8221 ; ) . Therefore, Jim Crow Laws were a big portion of black codes.Jim Crow Laws included the legislative act set by Plessy v. Ferguson, in 1896, of # 8220 ; separate, but equal # 8221 ; ( USSC, # 8220 ; Plessy # 8221 ; ) . With the subject of Plessy v. Ferguson being brought into the state of affai rs, one must look at segregation in America as a agency of the system reaffirming inequality. # 8220 ; In the Southern provinces of the United States? legal segregation in public installations was current from the late nineteenth century into the 1950s # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; racial segregation # 8221 ; ) . Legal segregation in America established the fact that there was built-in inequality in the system. Because of this, # 8220 ; the Civil Rights Movement was initiated by Southern inkinesss in the 1950s and # 8217 ; 60s to interrupt the prevalent form of racial segregation # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; racial segregation # 8221 ; ) . As a consequence of this motion, Plessy v. Ferguson was overturned in the 1955 opinion of Brown v. Board of Education ( USSC, # 8220 ; Brown # 8221 ; ) . This did non set an terminal to legal segregation, but it laid a foundation for the 1964 Civil Rights Act. The Civil Rights Act was # 8220 ; comprehensive U.S. statute law intended to stop favoritism ba sed on race, coloring material, faith, or national beginning # 8221 ; ( # 8221 ; Civil Rights Act # 8221 ; ) . Though the purpose of the Civil Rights Act was good, it was non every bit effectual as it should hold been. It failed to stop inequality in the system.Inequality has evolved to suit the freshly reformed system. Not merely racial inequality adapted to the system, but besides inequality towards the indigent and towards adult females. After all, inequality is non limited to instances of race. Womans have been 2nd category citizens since the foundation of America. It wasn? T until the 19th Amendment passed in 1920 that adult females gained the right to vote ( # 8221 ; Constitution # 8221 ; , Amendment XIX ) . This was 15 old ages after the 15th Amendment provided that the right to vote would non be denied on the footing of race or coloring material ( Amendment XV ) . Yet, it wasn? T until the 24th Amendment in 1964 that canvass revenue enhancements where prohibited and vot ing became more accessible to the indigent ( Amendment XXIV ) . Even though these stairss were taken to extinguish inequalit y in most forms, inequality still occurs in the system.The modern legal system in the U.S. has come to not only accept and hide inequality, but also to depend on inequality to function. Perhaps David Cole said it best, â€Å"Absent race and class disparities, the privileged among us could not enjoy as much constitutional protection of our liberties as we do?† (5). The case of Gideon v. Wainwright can be used to illustrate this point. Cole summarizes the case:Clarence Earl Gideon, a penniless Florida man, down on his luck and charged with breaking and entering a poolroom, claims that although he can?t afford a layer, he has a constitutional right to have a lawyer appointed by the state to defend him. When the Florida trial court denies his request, [Gideon] represents himself, and is convicted. From prison, [Gideon] sends a hand-written note to the Supreme Court asking it to hear his case. ?Abe Fortas [is appointed] to argue Gideon?s case, and then [the Court] rules that the Sixth Amendment guarantees indigent defendants the assistance of a lawyer in all serious criminal trials. On retrial, with a lawyer paid for by the states, Gideon is acquitted. (63)The Gideon v. Wainwright may not appear to support the previous statement: â€Å"Absent race and class disparities, the privileged among us could not enjoy as much constitutional protection of our liberties as we do?† (Cole 5). The outcome of Gideon requires government to provide a lawyer to a defendant, â€Å"[b]ut as long as the state provides a warm body with a law degree and a bar admission, little else matters† (64). Even though the state provides indigent defense counsel, most are â€Å"underpaid, overworked, and given insufficient resources to conduct an adequate investigation and defense† (84). Cole states that in 1990, â€Å"[t]he national average per capita spending on local and state indigent defense was $5.37? (84). Cole also points out other facts about the ruling in Gid eon v. Wainwright:One of the most remarkable facts about the constitutional right declared in Gideon v. Wainwright is that it was not a constitutional right for the first 184 years of our Constitution. The Sixth Amendment guarantees that ?In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right?to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.? But for most of our history, this right applied only to the approximately 10 percent of criminal trials that take place in federal court, and even there is meant only that defendants who had the money to do so could hire and attorney to defend them. (65)What this establishes is the inequalities of defense in the legal system. Those defendants that cannot provide their own council are at a disadvantage since the council they are appointed is often inadequate. The legal system has come to rely on the disparities of defendants as means of producing convictions, and thus as a reason for perpetuating inequality in the system.The inequaliti es of the justice system can also be shown in the evolution of laws in more resent times. When laws begin to affect large numbers of white middle- and upper-class people, the laws begin to change. An example would involve the spread of marijuana use. Strict laws of the early and middle part of this century prohibiting the use of marijuana were imposed because the majority of users were lower-class minorities. But during the 1960s and 1970s, the use of marijuana spread though the youth of white middle- and upper-class America (Cole 152). This spurred changes in the judicial system to ease the laws affecting marijuana use. Cole summarizes the situation: â€Å"When the effects of a criminal law reach the sons and daughters of the white majority, our response is not to get tough, but rather to get lenient† (153).The American legal system has never been truly equal because it was founded on inequality and has always depended on inequality. The system could easily be changed to eli minate those inequalities, but that will not likely happen. â€Å"Challenges to measures that disadvantage blacks, other minorities, or women face an inordinate burden to prove purposeful action, and the tendency to ignore the appearance of discrimination or stereotyping?; and moral skepticism that doubts that white men discriminate anymore and questions the credibility and motives of challengers who claim otherwise† have lead to support of inequality (Kairys, par. 22).So long as there is a majority dependent on the disparities of a minority, the system will maintain its current sanctity. In doing so, the system will remain dependent on inequality and provide means for future inequalities. The American legal system will always adapt to allow for inequalities.Works Cited†Black codes†. Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.†Civil Rights Act† Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.Cole, David. No Equal Justice: Race and Class in the American Criminal Justice System. New York: The New Press, 1999.†Constitution of the United States of America†. Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.†Equality†. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition. CD-ROM. Microsoft. 1997.†Grandfather clause†. Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.Jefferson, Thomas. â€Å"Declaration of Independence†. Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.†Jim Crow Laws†. Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.Kairys, David. â€Å"Unexplained on Grounds Other Than Race†. American University Law Review. Volume 45, Book 3. 12 Dec. 1999. http://www.wcl.american.edu/pub/journals/lawrev/KAIRYS.HTMOrwell, George. Animal Farm in The Columbia Dictionary of Quotations. CD-ROM. Microsoft. 1997.†Racial segregation† Encyclopedia Britannica 1997-98. CD-ROM. Britannica. 1998.U nited States Supreme Court. â€Å"Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896).† Selected Historic Decisions of the US Supreme Court. Legal Information Institute, 1999. 12 Dec. 1999. http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/cases/historic.htm United States Supreme Court. â€Å"Brown v. Board of Education, 349 U.S. 294 (1955).† Selected Historic Decisions of the US Supreme Court. Legal Information Institute, 1999. 12 Dec. 1999. http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/cases/historic.htm

Sunday, November 24, 2019

A Positive Attitude Essays

A Positive Attitude Essays A Positive Attitude Essay A Positive Attitude Essay A positive mental attitude is an absolutely indispensable prerequisite for success. Your attitude determines how well you do and how far you go in life. Most people know that you need to have a positive mental attitude to achieve any measure of happiness and success, but what is it? A positive mental attitude is how you respond to adversity and difficulty. The only way you can tell what type of attitude you have is how you react when things go wrong. Your attitude is determined by your expectations. If you expect that wonderful and positive things will happen to you during the day, you have a positive and optimistic attitude. Your mind is like a garden, whatever you plant, it will return back to you. If you plant negative thoughts and continuously feed and nourish those thoughts then that is what will grow in you life. On the other hand if you constantly think positive and optimistic thoughts, then your life will be positive and optimistic. One of the most important differences between successful people and unsuccessful people is the way they think. Successful people think and talk about the things they want. They talk about achieving their goals, good health, happiness, and prosperity, while unsuccessful people spend most of their time thinking and talking about the things that they dont want. They constantly complain, worry, and talk about their problems. Problems are consistent and constant for all of us. They are like waves large and small that keep coming every day. The way you look at your problems will in large part determine your attitude. For example, many people have the attitude that if someone is nice to them then theyll be nice in return. If someone is unkind or disrespectful to them then theyll be the same way in return. The Law of Sowing and Reaping says that whatever you sow in life, you will reap. Remember, it is the Law of Sowing and Reaping not the Law of Reaping and Sowing. Your attitude is a reflection of the type of person you are on the inside and the world you live in. For example, if you want people to be friendly, courteous, and respectful to you, then you have to be those things to other people first. Bad habits are hard to break and new ones are hard to form. So developing a positive mental attitude will take time. Start tomorrow morning by expecting the best in everything that happens to you during the day and treat every person you come in contact with the way you expect to be treated. Treat everyone with genuine, kindness, courtesy, and respect and that is what will be reflected back to you.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

The Difference Between Inductive And Deductive Reasoning. How Are Essay

The Difference Between Inductive And Deductive Reasoning. How Are Issues Of Validity And Truth Distinguished - Essay Example The inductive reasoning is intuitive and majorly a result of guesswork. For this reason, inductive reasoning is said to be probabilistic (Hacking, 2001, p.38). The conclusions obtained from the specific examples are analysed to form a general proposition that is a probabilistic one. The general rule that is formed as a result of inductive is subject to test and the outcome of those tests could not be guaranteed. The concept of inductive reasoning was developed by the Scottish philosopher David Hume. Hume stated that the daily habits of human beings are the reflection of the uncertain conclusions that are derived from the limited experiences (Dewey, 2008, p.47). Thus the general principles developed are not tested and derived but are the outcome of specific events in life. This is where inductive reasoning is significant. There is no scope of drawing logical conclusions that could be guaranteed through inductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning could be termed as bottom-up reasoning. .. . Deductive reasoning links the premises to the derived conclusions. The conclusions drawn from the general principles through deductive reasoning could be validated by specific examples. The conclusions derived from the general propositions are true for any individual event that is an application of the general rule (Descartes, 2006, p.26). The laws of syllogism provide one form of logical reasoning that helps in the logical deduction of conclusions from the general statements or propositions. The general statements being given, a hypothesis is designed which is tested in order to reach a logical conclusion. There are two other laws, namely the law of detachment and the law of contra-positive that are used in the process of deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning could be explained with the help of the following example. The general propositions considered in this case are: All tables are chairs and some tables are fans. From the given two statements, it could be deduced logically th at some chairs are fans. This conclusion has been deducted with the help of the given two statements and applying the laws of syllogism. Thus a specific instance has been drawn though deductive reasoning from the two general statements (Bacon, 2009, p.67). Distinction between validity and truth The process of deductive reasoning considers the general propositions and designs a hypothesis in order to logically deduce a conclusion. The conclusion drawn from the general statements are valid logically and are considered to be true. The premises or the general propositions are considered to be true for the purpose of logical deduction. The hypothesis is for the purpose for the logical deduction of the